Effects of Industrial Revolution in the World Essay Example for Free

Effects of Industrial Revolution in the World EssayIndustrial Revolution pic In the 1700s, the world was on the verge of a great change the industrial revolution. By the end of the eighteenth century, the industrial revolution was well under air in England and would spread to the rest of Europe, the unify States, and Japan during the next hundred years. Before the industrial revolution, Europe and the rest of the world were rural societies. Over three quarters of the population lived on farms, and in the busiest of countries only a few hundred thousand out of several million lived in towns and cities. Tools and the few machines that existed then were made mostly from wood. European products were oversewn and the business office to operate these tools came from human muscles. The only other avail fitted power sources were wind and water, scarcely the use of wind and water-powered machinery was restricted to places where the wind and water power was reliable. Therefore, whats known as the domestic system was used. The domestic system is a form of manufacturing in which goods were produced in the homes, either alone or in very small groups.A few industries used simple factories, single-room buildings or flowshops for the manufacture of luxury goods, such as cloth and the production on accepted military weapons. This world of cottage industries and wooden tools was about to be transformed. After the industrial revolution, only traces of this former existence would remain. (Corrick, 12) The industrial revolution began in eighteenth-century England. England had property and natural resources, but most importantly, people. The industrial revolution required both workers and consumers.England had a population boom in the 1700s due to cured diseases, healthier childbirths, and to a greater extent and better food. Economic historian Phyllis Deane says, Without the rising demand for goodswhich reflectedthe growth of population, there would have been less in centive for British producers to expandand hence some of the desirability which powered the industrial revolution would have been lost. (Corrick, 18) With the growth of population came the demand for goods and the need for better, easier, and cheaper ways to make these goods. England in addition had a natural abundance of put right and coal.Iron became increasingly important because it was a common building material and an essendial factor in the development of mechanical production. With Englands jagged coastline, which provided smooth natural harbors, iron became a major export. In addition to people, natural resources, and inventions, money was needed to start the industrial revolution. England had roads, banks, insurance brokers, and all the things needed to open(a) a business. Rich English traders were more than eager to put their wealth to work and invest in English application.England had all the factors of production and was the ideal theatrical utilisation for the start of the industrial revolution. A nonher great English manufacturing aside from iron production was the textile industry. The export of cloth accounted for about a trinity of all English trade, both at home and abroad. (Corrick, 20) In 1733 John Kay invented the dissipated shuttle. When added to the regular hand loom, a single weaver was able to work the loom. Even though the weaving was still done by hand, it went faster and weavers turned out cloth much more rapidly.Following the invention of the flying shuttle were James Hargreaves and his spinning jenny, Richard Arkwright and the water frame, Samuel Crompton and Cromptons mule, and probably most importantly, James Watt and the steam engine. With the ending of Watts patents, other inventors were able to make the steam engine more powerful and find more uses for it. By the beginning of the nineteenth century, the industrial revolution played an important role in England. New and larger factories were filling the English la ndscape.In the meanwhile, the revolution began to spread first to Western Europe, then all over the world. Although England was the center of the revolution, France had its true(p) share of inventors. Nicolas-Louis Robert developed a machine that turned out paper in long rolls, Claude-Louis Berthollet invented chlorine bleaching of linen, and Joseph-Marie Jacquard built a machine that was able to normal cloth with elaborate designs. Despite these new inventions, most technology was still found in England, so Europeans were drawn to England to study the new machines.England tried to break it by passing laws banning the export of technology, but they couldnt stop the technology transfer from England to the rest of Europe. When Napoleon Bonaparte rose to power in France, it became more difficult for the industrial revolution to come to continue spreading in France. Although Napoleon promoted modernization of the French textile industry, England was soon at warfare with Napoleon and established a naval blockade of Europe. The blockade cut off French manufacturers from raw materials normally imported from England.Once Napoleon was foiled at Waterloo, France began modernizing industry with illegally bought British equipment and imported English workers. However, unlike England whose iron production played an important role in industry, French industry instead concentrated on a lighter type of manufacturing, particularly the luxury trade. (Corrick, 35) The French specialized in printing designs onto cotton cloth and also got into the manufacturing of furniture. Germany also had a hard time industrializing.Germany was not a unified country and the free-living states were separated by religion, currency, and regular viewed each other as stinting rivals. They discourage emigration and levied custom dutiesnot only on goods entering from other states but even on trade between towns and cities inwardly the same state. (Corrick, 36) There were many economic barrier s between the German territories. One German state, Prussia, played a major role in bringing industry to Germany. Prussia get together with a number of states to form the Zollverein. They didnt charge customs and allowed goods to go freely though their territories.The other states were at an economic disadvantage and joined the Zollverein. Now manufacturers were able to move in and set up factories within the unions boundaries. Prussia also helped remove serfs and guilds, which were both standing in the way of industry. Now that serfs were no longer bound to their landlords farms, Germany was exposed to an important amount of capable industrial workers. In1810, Prussia enacted a law that opened manufacturing to guild and non-guild members, early(a) German states followed Prussias lead and by the 1830s, many obstacles to German industrialization were down.The industrial revolution didnt stay in Europe. It eventually spread to the joined States and Japan as well. Unlike most countri es, Japan was extremely resistant to industry. Japan had a strict policy of isolation from the rest of the world. The rulers of Japan, or the shoguns, perspective of the rest of the world as barbarians, and didnt want corrupt foreign ideas to pollute Japanese society. For that reason, the Japanese lacked all modern technology, and it was for that same reason that July 8, 1853 marked one of the greatest turning rates in Japanese history.On that day, US Commodore Matthew Perry sailed into Edo Bay with orders from President Millard Fillmore the Japanese to open Japan to the outside world, even if using force was necessary. The Tokugawa shogunate was in charge of Japan at the time and the government attempted to show the strength of Japans military, but Commodore Perry was well aware that his military advantage was superior. Eventually the Tokugawa realized that their forces are no match for the American military might, so in 1854 Japan gave in and signed the Treaty of Kanagawa with the US. Once Japan was open to the US, there was no way to close it.Japan in due course signed treaties with England, Russia, and Holland. The lay out was now set for revolution in Japan, leading to the Meiji Restoration, and ultimately to the beginning of industry. Japanese daimyos launched a brief rebellion and were able to overthrow the Tokugawa. Rather than instal to the same fate (as Korea, China, and other East Asian islands being dominated by the West), Japanese leaders decided on a bold and precious strategyto initiate a massive modernization program (Nardo, 21) They believed that there was no other way for Japan to become a great independent nation, and through odernization Japan could be militarily and economically equal to the Western powers. The newly empowered Meiji made a major change industrialization. He sent young upperclassmen to Europe and America to learn engineering, economics, and military science. Every year he ordered the construction of new railroads, st eamships, ports, and canals. Huge corporations now dominated the economic landscape. Industrialization arose in Western European countries because they desired it. People always wanted more, and they wanted it fast.France saw British success and wanted it. German states such as Prussia saw the British success and wanted it. That was the difference between industrialization in Europe and industrialization in Japan Japan didnt want it. Japan was determined to stay isolated as long as possible and only rose to the challenge of industrialization because they realized the dangers of not industrializing. The Japanese were too proud to be economically and militarily less superior to the rest of the world. The industrial revolution was a major turning point in world history.